Avocado, Persea americana, is an evergreen tree in the family Lauraceae which grown for its nutritious fruit, the avocado. The avocado tree is large and dome shaped with oval or elliptical leaves arranged in a spiral on the tips of branches. The leaves have a red pigmentation when they first emerge and turn green as they mature.
Avocado trees produce clusters of small, green-yellow flowers at the end of twigs and a large, fleshy, pear-shaped fruit with a single large seed. The fruits can be purple to green in color with smooth or warty skin depending on variety. The flesh of the fruit is yellow-green in color and has the consistency of butter. Each fruit contains one large seed. Avocado trees grown from seed can take 4–6 years to produce fruit whereas grafted plants may produce fruit within 1–2 years. The tree can reach a height of 20 m (65.6 ft) and originated in the rainforests of Central America.
Herein we outline the 5 common diseases that affects grafted hass avocado trees in Kenya
1. Fruit rots
Fruit rots, caused by flora pathogens, usually occur wherever sanitation is poor and tree stressors are high. These fungi might overwinter in plant trash on the bottom round the tree, or in fruits that are left on the tree when harvest avocados. correct pruning and prompt removal of fruits can facilitate stop sickness.
2. Tree Cankers
Cankers are sometimes solely minor diseases of associate fruit tree, however they’re extremely visible. These sores on tree trunks and branches might sink slightly and ooze gum, giving the sore a rusty look. Cankers will typically be cut out of limbs, however cankers in trunks typically kill affected trees.
3. Sunblotch
Sunblotch could be a serious, incurable sickness of avocado trees. Fruits are typically stained or scarred, twigs might develop red or yellow discoloration or rectangular cracks might develop in bark. Infected trees are typically inferior; however, some trees show no symptoms in the least, other than a discount in yield. Once narrowed, sun blotch cannot be cured. However, by buying certified disease-free stock and active smart tool sanitation, you’ll stop the unfold of sun blotch.
4. Root rots
Root rots usually seen in areas with poor drainage or in trees that are inveterate over moisture. If conditions will be improved, the tree is also ready to be saved. Sometimes, producing by removal round the tree and exposing the roots can permit the crown to dry enough to stop tree death.
5. Wilts and blights
Wilts and blights are characterized by dead areas in trees, particularly once solely a location of the tree is affected. Wilts unsurprisingly cause explosive weakening and death in branches. Blights on the other hand might kill little branches or solely influence the leaves themselves. Pruning the symptomatic tissues from trees and providing smart support will facilitate your avocado recover.
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