Lemongrass farming, a popular herb used in many culinary and medicinal applications worldwide. It is an herbaceous plant that belongs to the Poaceae family and is native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, and Australia. In Kenya, lemongrass farming has gained significant popularity among smallholder farmers due to its potential for high returns and the increasing demand for lemongrass products in local and international markets. In this blog post, we will explore the intricacies of lemongrass farming in Kenya, from cultivation to marketing.

Cultivation of Lemongrass in Kenya

The cultivation of lemongrass in Kenya requires proper planning, site selection, land preparation, and planting. The following are the key steps to follow when cultivating lemongrass in Kenya.

Site selection: Choose a site with well-drained soil, adequate sunlight, and access to water. The soil should be slightly acidic, with a pH range of 5.5 to 7.5.
Land preparation: Clear the land, remove any weeds, and plow or till the soil to loosen it. Incorporate organic matter such as compost or manure to improve soil fertility.
Planting: Lemongrass can be propagated using seeds, root divisions, or stem cuttings. Stem cuttings are the most common method used in Kenya. Plant the cuttings in rows with a spacing of 30 cm between plants and 60 cm between rows. Ensure that the planting depth is at least 5 cm.
Maintenance: Lemongrass requires regular watering, especially during the dry season. Apply fertilizer at least twice a year to boost growth and yield. Control weeds manually or using herbicides, and prune the plants regularly to encourage branching.

Harvesting and Post-Harvest Handling

Lemongrass is ready for harvest six to eight months after planting. The following are the key steps to follow when harvesting and handling lemongrass.

Harvesting: Cut the stalks of the lemongrass at the base using a sharp knife. Avoid cutting the leaves as they are not used in processing.
Drying: Sun dry the lemongrass stalks until they are completely dry. This can take up to a week, depending on the weather conditions.
Processing: Grind the dried lemongrass stalks into a fine powder using a mill or a mortar and pestle.
Packaging: Package the lemongrass powder in air-tight containers to maintain its quality and freshness.

Marketing

Lemongrass farming in Kenya is a profitable venture as there is a high demand for lemongrass products both locally and internationally. The following are the key steps to follow when marketing lemongrass products.

Identify the market: Research the market to identify potential buyers such as spice manufacturers, herbal tea companies, and food processors.
Price setting: Set a competitive price that is attractive to buyers while ensuring profitability.
Packaging: Package the lemongrass products attractively and in appropriate sizes for different markets.
Distribution: Establish reliable distribution channels to ensure that the products reach the buyers on time and in good condition.

Additionally, lemongrass is a highly valuable crop due to its multiple uses. In Kenya, lemongrass is commonly used in the production of herbal tea, essential oils, and as a spice in food preparation. The essential oil derived from lemongrass is highly sought after in the beauty and skincare industry due to its numerous benefits, such as its antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties.

Furthermore, lemongrass has a high potential for export. Kenya can export lemongrass products to countries such as the United States, Europe, and Asia, where there is a high demand for natural and organic products. However, for Kenyan farmers to tap into the export market, they must comply with international quality and safety standards.

Despite the potential of lemongrass farming in Kenya, there are some challenges that farmers face. One of the main challenges is inadequate access to markets and lack of information on market trends and prices. This results in farmers selling their products at lower prices than the prevailing market prices, leading to lower profits.

Another challenge is pests and diseases, which can significantly reduce yields and quality. Common pests that attack lemongrass include aphids, mites, and stem borers. To mitigate these challenges, farmers need to adopt good agricultural practices such as crop rotation, pest and disease control, and regular soil testing.

Varieties Of lemongrass grown in Kenya

In Kenya, there are several varieties of lemongrass, each with distinct characteristics and uses. These varieties are differentiated by their morphology, aroma, and chemical composition. The following are the main lemongrass varieties grown in Kenya.

East African Cymbopogon citratus: This variety is native to East Africa and is the most commonly grown lemongrass variety in Kenya. It has long, slender leaves that are light green in color. The plant has a strong citrus aroma and is used in the production of essential oils, herbal tea, and spice.
West Indian Cymbopogon citratus: This variety is also known as Indian lemongrass and is native to India. It has wider leaves than the East African variety and is darker green in color. It has a sweet lemon fragrance and is commonly used in the production of essential oils and perfumes.
Cymbopogon flexuosus: This variety is native to Southeast Asia and is commonly known as Cochin grass. It has long, thick leaves that are blue-green in color. It has a strong lemon aroma and is used in the production of essential oils, herbal tea, and spice.
Cymbopogon winterianus: This variety is native to Java, Indonesia, and is commonly known as Java citronella. It has long, narrow leaves that are dark green in color. It has a strong citrus aroma and is commonly used in the production of insect repellents and essential oils.
Cymbopogon martinii: This variety is native to India and is commonly known as palmarosa. It has long, narrow leaves that are grayish-green in color. It has a sweet, floral aroma and is commonly used in the production of perfumes and essential oils.

In addition to these main varieties, there are also hybrid lemongrass varieties that are a result of crossbreeding between different lemongrass varieties. These hybrids are developed to enhance specific characteristics such as yield, oil content, and disease resistance.

It is essential to note that the chemical composition of lemongrass varies depending on the variety, growth stage, and environmental conditions. The main compounds found in lemongrass are citral, geraniol, and limonene. These compounds are responsible for the characteristic lemon scent and have numerous medicinal and therapeutic properties.

Kenya has several varieties of lemongrass, each with distinct characteristics and uses. East African lemongrass is the most commonly grown variety in Kenya and is used in the production of essential oils, herbal tea, and spice. Understanding the different varieties of lemongrass is essential for farmers and processors to optimize their production and marketing strategies.

Lemongrass Growing Regions In Kenya

Lemongrass can be grown in many regions of Kenya, but the crop thrives best in areas with warm temperatures and adequate rainfall. Below are some of the best regions in Kenya to grow lemongrass.

Coastal Region: The coastal region of Kenya is known for its warm and humid climate, making it an ideal location for lemongrass farming. The region receives adequate rainfall throughout the year, and the soils are rich in nutrients, making it ideal for lemongrass production.
Western Region: The western region of Kenya is characterized by high rainfall and a warm climate, making it suitable for lemongrass farming. The region has fertile soils and is ideal for farmers who want to grow lemongrass on a large scale.
Rift Valley Region: The Rift Valley region of Kenya has diverse agro-ecological zones, ranging from semi-arid to sub-humid. The region has a warm climate and receives adequate rainfall, making it suitable for lemongrass production. The region also has fertile soils, which can support high yields of lemongrass.
Central Region: The central region of Kenya has a temperate climate and receives adequate rainfall, making it suitable for lemongrass farming. The region has fertile soils, which can support high yields of lemongrass.

It is essential to note that lemongrass can be grown in many other regions in Kenya as long as the conditions are suitable for the crop. However, farmers should ensure that they carry out soil tests and consult with agricultural experts to determine the suitability of their soils for lemongrass production. The coastal, western, Rift Valley, and central regions of Kenya are some of the best regions to grow lemongrass due to their warm climate, adequate rainfall, and fertile soils.

Conditions Suitable For Lemongrass Farming In Kenya

Lemongrass is a tropical perennial herb that requires specific growing conditions to thrive. In Kenya, lemongrass can be grown in many regions as highlighted above, but the following are the conditions that are suitable for lemongrass farming:

Climate: Lemongrass requires warm temperatures and high humidity to grow well. The ideal temperature range for lemongrass is between 20°C and 35°C. High humidity levels, ranging from 70% to 85%, are also necessary for the crop to thrive. Regions with warm and humid climates, such as the coastal and western regions of Kenya, are ideal for lemongrass farming.
Soil: Lemongrass requires well-draining soils that are rich in organic matter. The soil pH should be between 5.5 and 7.5. The ideal soil type for lemongrass farming is sandy loam, which allows for adequate drainage and aeration. It is also important to note that lemongrass is sensitive to waterlogging and cannot tolerate acidic soils. Farmers should ensure that the soil is well-prepared and enriched with organic matter before planting lemongrass.
Water: Lemongrass requires regular watering to ensure that the soil remains moist. The crop is sensitive to waterlogging, so farmers should ensure that the soil is well-draining to prevent waterlogging. The amount of water required depends on the stage of growth and the prevailing weather conditions. During the dry season, farmers may need to supplement their irrigation to ensure that the crop receives adequate water.
Fertilizer: Lemongrass requires adequate nutrients to grow well. Before planting lemongrass, farmers should conduct a soil test to determine the nutrient deficiencies in the soil. Based on the results, farmers can apply the appropriate fertilizer to ensure that the crop receives adequate nutrients. Organic fertilizers, such as compost and manure, are ideal for lemongrass farming as they improve soil fertility and structure.
Pest and Disease Management: Lemongrass is susceptible to pests and diseases that can significantly reduce yield. Farmers should implement effective pest and disease management practices to ensure that the crop remains healthy. Common pests that attack lemongrass include aphids, grasshoppers, and mites. The crop is also prone to diseases such as leaf rust and fungal infections. Farmers can use natural pest control methods such as neem oil and garlic to manage pests, while fungicides can be used to control diseases.

Lemongrass requires specific growing conditions to thrive in Kenya. Warm temperatures, high humidity, well-draining soils, adequate water, and nutrient management are essential for lemongrass farming. Farmers should also implement effective pest and disease management practices to ensure that the crop remains healthy. By adhering to these conditions, farmers can increase their yields and optimize their production of lemongrass.

Step by Step Guide On Lemongrass Planting

Lemongrass is a perennial herb that is relatively easy to grow from seeds. Here is a step-by-step guide on how to plant lemongrass from seeds in Kenya:

Seed Selection: Start by selecting high-quality lemongrass seeds from a reputable supplier. The seeds should be fresh, viable, and free from disease.
Soil Preparation: Prepare the soil by loosening it and removing any weeds or debris. The soil should be well-draining and rich in organic matter. A pH of 5.5 to 7.5 is ideal for lemongrass.
Seed Planting: Sow the lemongrass seeds ¼ inch deep into the prepared soil. The seeds should be spaced 2 inches apart in rows that are 12 inches apart. Cover the seeds with a thin layer of soil and press them down gently.
Watering: Water the seeds gently but thoroughly immediately after planting. Keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. Watering should be done regularly, especially during dry periods.
Germination: Lemongrass seeds germinate in about 14 to 21 days. Once the seeds have germinated, thin them out, leaving only the strongest seedlings. The seedlings should be spaced 6 to 8 inches apart.
Fertilization: After the lemongrass seedlings have grown to about 6 inches tall, apply a balanced fertilizer to boost growth. You can use organic fertilizers like compost, manure, or a commercial fertilizer.
Weed Control: Lemongrass can be easily choked by weeds, so it is essential to keep the area around the plants weed-free. Mulching with grass clippings or other organic matter can help to suppress weeds and retain moisture in the soil.
Harvesting: Lemongrass is ready for harvest when the plants are about 3 feet tall. Cut the stems near the base of the plant, leaving a few inches of stem attached to the roots. The harvested stems can be used fresh, dried, or frozen.

Planting lemongrass from seeds in Kenya requires high-quality seeds, well-draining soil, regular watering, and proper fertilization. Once the seeds have germinated, thin them out, keep the area weed-free, and harvest the plants when they are 3 feet tall. By following these steps, farmers can successfully plant lemongrass from seeds and enjoy a bountiful harvest. You can contact Farmers Trend for lemon grass seedlings in Kenya via 0724-559286

Cost Of Lemongrass Production In Kenya

The costs involved in lemongrass farming in Kenya can vary depending on various factors such as the region, the size of the farm, the farming practices used, and the availability of resources. Here is a detailed breakdown of the costs involved in lemongrass farming per acre in Kenya:

Land Preparation: Land preparation involves clearing and ploughing the land to create a suitable environment for planting. The cost of land preparation can vary depending on the size of the farm, the type of equipment used, and the labor costs. On average, land preparation can cost between Ksh. 15,000 to Ksh. 40,000 per acre.
Seedlings: The cost of lemongrass seedlings can vary depending on the supplier and the quantity ordered. On average, a farmer can buy lemongrass seedlings at a cost of Ksh. 10 to Ksh. 60 per seedling. Assuming a planting density of 10,000 seedlings per acre, the cost of seedlings can range from Ksh. 100,000 to Ksh. 600,000 per acre depending on the source and size.
Fertilizers: Lemongrass requires regular fertilization to thrive, and the cost of fertilizers can vary depending on the type and quantity used. On average, a farmer can use between 50 to 100 kg of fertilizer per acre. The cost of fertilizer can range from Ksh. 10,000 to Ksh. 40,000 per acre.
Labor Costs: Labor costs can vary depending on the size of the farm and the farming practices used. On average, a farmer may need between 3 to 5 laborers per acre for activities such as planting, weeding, pruning, and harvesting. Labor costs can range from Ksh. 20,000 to Ksh. 60,000 per acre.
Pesticides and Herbicides: Lemongrass is prone to pests and diseases, and the cost of pesticides and herbicides can vary depending on the type and quantity used. On average, a farmer may spend between Ksh. 5,000 to Ksh. 10,000 per acre on pesticides and herbicides.
Irrigation: Lemongrass requires regular watering, and the cost of irrigation can vary depending on the method used. On average, a farmer may need to spend between Ksh. 15,000 to Ksh. 45,000 per acre on irrigation.
Miscellaneous Costs: Other costs involved in lemongrass farming can include transport costs, storage costs, and marketing costs. These costs can vary depending on the location of the farm and the farming practices used.

Using the above rough estimate, the costs involved in lemongrass farming per acre in Kenya can range from Ksh. 250,000 to Ksh. 750,000, depending on various factors. However, with proper farming practices and good management, lemongrass farming can be a profitable venture for farmers in Kenya.

Profitability of Lemongrass Farming in Kenya

The expected production per acre on lemongrass farming in Kenya can vary depending on various factors such as the farming practices used, soil fertility, and climatic conditions. However, on average, a farmer can expect a yield of between 5 to 10 tons of lemongrass per acre.

This yield can be achieved by adopting proper farming practices such as land preparation, weed control, regular fertilization, and pest and disease control. Farmers can also use high-quality seeds or seedlings to ensure high yields.

It’s worth noting that lemongrass is a perennial plant that can grow for up to 4 to 5 years if well-maintained. As such, farmers can enjoy a continuous harvest over several years, thereby increasing their production and income.

In addition, farmers can also increase their production by implementing good post-harvest practices such as proper drying and storage of the lemongrass to prevent spoilage and ensure high quality.

Overall, lemongrass farming can provide a good return on investment for farmers in Kenya, with a potential yield of between 5 to 10 tons per acre.

The profitability of lemongrass farming in Kenya can vary depending on various factors such as the farming practices used, market demand, and the selling price of the lemongrass. Here is a detailed breakdown of the expected profitability of lemongrass farming per acre in Kenya:

Yield: The expected yield of lemongrass per acre can vary depending on the farming practices used, soil fertility, and climatic conditions. On average, a farmer can expect a yield of between 5 to 10 tons of lemongrass per acre. Assuming a selling price of Ksh. 200 per kilogram of lemongrass, a farmer can earn between Ksh. 1,000,000 to Ksh. 2,000,000 per acre from the sale of lemongrass.
Farming Costs: The costs involved in lemongrass farming per acre have been discussed in detail in the previous question. Assuming a total cost of Ksh. 250,000 per acre, a farmer can expect a net income of between Ksh. 750,000 to Ksh. 1,250,000 per acre.
Market Demand: The demand for lemongrass can vary depending on the market conditions and the target market. Lemongrass is used in various industries such as the food and beverage industry, cosmetic industry, and the pharmaceutical industry. Farmers can tap into these markets to sell their lemongrass and earn a good income.
Farming Practices: Proper farming practices such as regular weeding, fertilization, and pest control can increase the yield of lemongrass and improve the quality of the harvest. This can help farmers command a higher price for their lemongrass in the market, thereby increasing their profitability.
Value Addition: Farmers can also increase their profitability by adding value to their lemongrass. Value addition can include activities such as distillation to extract essential oils or processing the lemongrass into tea, which can fetch a higher price in the market.

Lemongrass farming in Kenya can be a profitable venture for farmers if they adopt proper farming practices and tap into the various markets available. With a potential net income of between Ksh. 1,000,000 to Ksh. 2,000,000 per acre, lemongrass farming can provide a good return on investment for farmers in Kenya.

Spray and Fertilizer Program on Lemongrass Farming in Kenya

A good spray and fertilizer program is critical for the success of lemongrass farming in Kenya. Here is a detailed breakdown of the recommended spray and fertilizer program for lemongrass in Kenya:

Pre-Planting: Before planting lemongrass, it is recommended to apply well-rotted farmyard manure at a rate of 20 to 30 tons per acre. This will help improve soil fertility and provide the necessary nutrients for the young plants.
First Fertilizer Application: After planting, the first fertilizer application should be done at four weeks after planting. Apply a basal dressing of 100kg of NPK fertilizer (23:23:0) per acre. This will help promote early growth and establishment of the lemongrass.
Second Fertilizer Application: The second fertilizer application should be done three months after planting. Apply 100kg of CAN fertilizer (26%N) per acre. This will help promote vegetative growth and ensure a healthy crop.
Third Fertilizer Application: The third fertilizer application should be done six months after planting. Apply another 100kg of CAN fertilizer (26%N) per acre. This will help promote growth and improve the overall yield of the lemongrass.
Fourth Fertilizer Application: The fourth fertilizer application should be done nine months after planting. Apply another 100kg of CAN fertilizer (26%N) per acre. This will help promote growth and prepare the lemongrass for the next harvest.
Pest and Disease Control: Lemongrass is susceptible to various pests and diseases such as grasshoppers, shoot borers, and rust. Farmers should regularly monitor their crops and use appropriate pest and disease control measures to prevent damage to the crop.
Weed Control: Weeds can compete with lemongrass for nutrients and water, thereby reducing the overall yield of the crop. Farmers should regularly weed their crops and use appropriate weed control measures to prevent weed growth.

A good spray and fertilizer program is essential for the success of lemongrass farming in Kenya. By following the recommended program above, farmers can improve soil fertility, promote growth, and improve the overall yield of their lemongrass crop.

Lemongrass Market In Kenya

The market for lemongrass in Kenya is significant and growing, with both local and international demand.

Lemongrass is primarily grown in the coastal region of Kenya, particularly in Kilifi, Malindi, and Lamu counties. However, the herb can also be grown in other parts of the country, provided the climate and soil conditions are suitable.

In terms of domestic consumption, lemongrass is widely used in the preparation of traditional dishes and beverages, such as chai ya tangawizi (ginger tea) and masala chai (spiced tea). The herb is also used in the production of essential oils, which are used in aromatherapy, perfumery, and cosmetics.

The export market for lemongrass from Kenya is also growing, with the herb being sold to countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and the United Arab Emirates. The demand for Kenyan lemongrass is driven by its high quality, unique flavor, and the growing popularity of herbal teas and natural products in international markets.

The prices of lemongrass in Kenya vary depending on the season, location, and quality. On average, a kilogram of fresh lemongrass can be sold for Kshs 200-800 at the farm gate. The price may increase during periods of high demand or when there is a shortage of supply. Processed lemongrass products, such as essential oils, command higher prices in the market.

Overall, the market for lemongrass in Kenya is promising, and there is potential for farmers to increase production and earn more income by tapping into both local and international markets.

Uses Of lemongrass

Lemongrass is a versatile plant that is used in various ways. Here are some of the most common uses of lemongrass:

Culinary Use: Lemongrass is widely used in culinary dishes, particularly in Southeast Asian cuisines. It has a unique citrusy flavor that adds a refreshing taste to dishes. Lemongrass can be used in various forms such as fresh, dried, or powdered.
Medicinal Use: Lemongrass is also known for its medicinal properties. It contains essential oils that have anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. Lemongrass tea is a popular home remedy for colds, coughs, and fever. It is also used in aromatherapy to help relieve stress and anxiety.
Insect Repellent: Lemongrass is a natural insect repellent due to its strong citrus scent. It is commonly used as a mosquito repellent and can be applied topically or used in candles, incense, or diffusers.
Beauty and Personal Care: Lemongrass is also used in beauty and personal care products such as soaps, shampoos, and lotions. It is believed to have antifungal and antibacterial properties that help improve skin and hair health.
Flavoring: Lemongrass is used to flavor beverages such as tea, cocktails, and smoothies. It adds a unique taste to these drinks and is a popular ingredient in various alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks.
Essential Oils: Lemongrass essential oil is widely used in aromatherapy and personal care products. It has a refreshing scent that is believed to help reduce stress, anxiety, and depression.

Overall, lemongrass is a versatile plant that is used in various ways. Its unique flavor and scent make it a popular ingredient in culinary dishes, personal care products, and insect repellents. Its medicinal properties also make it a popular home remedy for various ailments.

FAQs On Lemon Grass Farming In Kenya

Here are some frequently asked questions (FAQs) about lemongrass farming in Kenya:

What is the best time to plant lemongrass in Kenya? Lemongrass is best planted at the beginning of the rainy season, usually in March-April or August-September.
How long does it take for lemongrass to mature? Lemongrass can mature in 6 to 9 months, depending on the variety and growing conditions.
How often should lemongrass be watered? Lemongrass requires regular watering to maintain its moisture level. It should be watered twice a week during the dry season and once a week during the rainy season.
What type of soil is best for lemongrass farming? Lemongrass grows best in well-drained soils with a pH range of 5.5 to 7.5. Sandy loam and loamy soils are ideal for lemongrass farming.
How is lemongrass harvested? Lemongrass is harvested by cutting the lower parts of the plant close to the ground. The harvested lemongrass should be handled carefully to avoid damage.
What are the common pests and diseases that affect lemongrass in Kenya? Common pests that affect lemongrass in Kenya include stem borers, leafhoppers, and mites. Common diseases include leaf spots, rusts, and blights.
How much does it cost to start a lemongrass farm in Kenya? The cost of starting a lemongrass farm in Kenya depends on the size of the farm and the farming method used. However, a rough estimate for a one-acre farm is Ksh 250,000 to Ksh 750,000.
Where can I sell my lemongrass in Kenya? Lemongrass can be sold to local markets, restaurants, supermarkets, and exporters. It is important to research the market demand and identify potential buyers before starting lemongrass farming in Kenya.
What is the expected yield per acre in lemongrass farming in Kenya? The expected yield per acre in lemongrass farming in Kenya ranges from 8 to 12 tons, depending on the variety and growing conditions.
Can lemongrass be grown in greenhouses? Yes, lemongrass can be grown in greenhouses using hydroponic or soil-based systems. Greenhouse farming can help farmers control the growing conditions and improve yields.

Conclusion

In conclusion, lemongrass farming in Kenya is a viable and profitable venture. With the increasing demand for lemongrass products, farmers can tap into the local and international markets and improve their livelihoods. However, to achieve success, farmers must adopt good agricultural practices, access reliable markets, and comply with international quality and safety standards. With proper planning and execution, lemongrass farming can be a game-changer in Kenya’s agricultural sector.

Lemongrass farming in Kenya has the potential to transform the lives of smallholder farmers by providing a source of income and creating employment opportunities. With proper planning, site selection, land preparation, planting, maintenance, harvesting, post-harvest handling, and marketing, lemongrass farming can be a profitable venture. By tapping into the local and international markets, lemongrass farming can contribute significantly to the country’s economy while improving the livelihoods of farmers.